– Proxima Centauri is such a star, which is much weaker than the sun is cooler and therefore most of the energy it emits in the infrared. This follows from the fact that it is eight times less massive than the sun. For the stars is a strong relationship between the mass and brightness. Proxima Centauri, if porównywalibyśmy with the Sun, is 10 thousand. times darker – said dr. Marcin Kiraga of Warsaw University Astronomical Observatory.
The researchers found that around Proxima Centauri, the star closest located to the solar system, circling the rocky planet slightly larger than Earth and is zoned to the existence of its the water in liquid state. The discovery reported in an article in the latest issue of the journal “Nature” team of astronomers under the direction of Guillem Anglada-Escude.
Red Dwarf
The distance separating the planet, which received the name of the Proxima b from its star is much less than the distance from Earth to the Sun (149 million km). However, Proxima Centauri is called. red dwarf, which is much smaller, darker and cooler than the sun. This means that the planet can circulate much closer to the star, and still on its surface may prevail mild conditions similar to the Earth. – Proxima Centauri is roughly almost 300 thousand. times farther from the Sun than the Earth. This is more than four light-years. As for the scale of interstellar, is Proxima Centauri is really close – Kiraga explained.
Properties
The astronomer told about the properties of stars. – Proxima Centauri is such a star, which is much weaker than that of the sun, is cooler and therefore most of the energy emitted in the infrared. This follows from the fact that it is eight times less massive than the sun. For the stars is a strong relationship between the mass and brightness. Proxima Centauri, if porównywalibyśmy with the Sun, is 10 thousand. times fainter – I told the scientist. – If in our sky instead of the sun was Proxima, it would be seven times smaller than the Moon. The glow would not have been so sharp as the sun. You could probably look at it with the naked eye. However, in the whole range of electromagnetic energy Proxima an average of 600 times less radiation than the sun. It would be darker and colder – he explained.
Can life exist?
The scientist compared the Proxima Centauri and Proxima b to the Earth and the sun. – the orbital period of Proxima b is about 11 days (circulation around the star – the day within the meaning of the earth), this is one of those certain size. The planet is much closer Proxima, than the Earth from the sun. This is important because a star is much weaker. Proxima b is about 20 times closer to its parent star. In this case, there is also sought by many astronomers property, namely the amount of energy that reaches the planet – is comparable to that which reaches from the Sun to the Earth. It is possible that there is a little cooler. The problem is that due to the small distance interaction of tidal Proxima probably means that it is constantly facing the same side facing the star. One side is constantly exposed to light and the other is in constant darkness. It is not known whether there is atmosphere. Therefore, we do not know which prevail on this planet conditions – said the scientist.
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As reported yesterday, according to the European Commission, Apple benefited tax contrary to EU state aid rules, and should pay back taxes. An astronomical amount of $ 13 billion , calculated by European officials, sparked worldwide media.
Read also: This function is expected to debut in the latest computer. Apple. Is it invented a Pole?
It should be explained that this is not the Irish, who agreed in 2007 with Apple, demand a refund. He does it for them, and even behind their backs, the Union.
Member States may not allocate tax credits for selected companies, is incompatible with the state aid rules of the EU
– said Margrethe Vestage from the European Commission. Meanwhile, the Irish authorities have established a tax to Apple (and specifically for its Irish subsidiary based in Cork) at the level of 1 percent … and then, in 2014, it is set at the level of … 0.005 percent.
Fig. Google
The Government of Ireland: Apple must pay, we do not want the money
Michael Noonan, Ireland’s finance minister, said that Ireland does not want money from Apple. He admitted, however, that from a legal point of view there is no other choice but to appeal the decision of the Union. He also announced that the proceedings in this case will be long – it will take up to four years. He explained that the Apple has to pay – 13 billion euros, which will be deposited in a special account until the close of the proceedings.
“The Irish Times”: “Take the money and let’s change Ireland.”
largest Irish daily calls for reconciliation the decision of the Union. Editors ‘Irish Times’ lists, which could be built with the money recovered from the American giant, twenty hospitals, a new line of the Dublin tram (the most important means of public transport in Dublin), to build traction Metro-North, building of social houses. Ireland would be even afford to dispense with part of the taxes.
$ 13 billion for the country inhabited by less than 5 million people, the country, which is still struggling with the effects of the 2008 crisis (Ireland is heavily linked economically USA), it is not to be underestimated.
Fig. Irish Times
Part of Irish politicians share this view. Matt Carthy, a representative having the independence tradition of Sinn Féin, who sit in the European Parliament, expressed quite bluntly their expectations for the Union’s decision:
Give our money!
– he said.
White House: it is money US citizens
White House spokesman commented on the decision of the Union in a fairly sharp way:
This transfer of income from US taxpayers to Europe.
– said in a statement quoted by Tech Post.
Tim Cook: It is harmful and unfair
President of Apple sent a letter to the European Commission, which advises that Cork was chosen as an investment destination already 36 years ago. Apple opened its first subsidiary in 1980, employed 60 people and began to help in recovering from the crisis.
STEPHEN LAM / REUTERS / REUTERS
Apart from the obvious head in Apple the most severe and harmful effects of this penalty will be associated with investment and job creation in Europe. Using the logic of the Commission every company in Ireland and Europe is suddenly faced with the threat to levy tax according to the law, which never existed.
– writes Cook quoted by The Verge.
USA: “This retroactivity”
Kara triggers an avalanche of comments across the ocean. Representatives of the US authorities are not satisfied with the decision of the EU.
We believe that the tax imposed by the Commission, which runs backwards, is not right. It’s against the legal principles applicable in the Member States.
– said representatives of the US financial authorities quoted by the “Irish Times”.
The US authorities herald also problems that can bring the decision of the EU authorities.
The actions of the European Commission may jeopardize foreign investment, worsen the business climate in Europe, weaken the spirit of the economic partnership between the US and the EU.
– add in the rest of the comment.
Election: EU may curb the tricks tax .
Tomasz Bielecki of Election takes a similar view. The Union ends an era.
Tax evasion by multinationals is an annoying side effect of globalization. [...] The rules aimed at unlawful State aid can become the strongest weapon of the EU in the fight against tax evasion. Perhaps [...] This team will curb tax tricks.
– says.
The decision of the European Commission seems to be shocking, because the amount you Apple has to pay is really substantial, even for such a giant. EU authorities conducting similar actions against other US companies: Google, Starbucks (registered in the Netherlands), Microsoft, Amazon (registered in Luxembourg).
Change the policy observes the Irish Times concluding that apparently used for decades the policy of tax relief has to go to the past.
Apple: the greatest innovator in the field of tax evasion …
Dispute with the European Union was to be expected, because the procedure is controversial from Apple years.
Apple pioneered the accounting technique called “Dual Irish-Dutch Sandwich,” which reduced taxes by transferring profits through subsidiaries in Ireland and the Netherlands to the Caribbean. Today, this tactic is used by hundreds of other corporations – some quite directly imitated Apple. “
– reported in 2012, Wall Street Journal.
Fig. In Icons / sxc.hu / Robert Kędzierski
The decision of the European Commission is certainly the announcement of the new policy concerns.
Marijuana does not help in the fight against cancer – emphasizes in an interview with RMF FM prof. Piotr Wysocki, head of the Polish Society of Clinical Oncology. In his opinion, drugs, marijuana derivatives, which are registered and have a specific action support, should be available in our country, but they must be free of all the myths that accompany them. The idea is that patients knew what their action and do not expect miracles.
Prof. Piotr Wysocki / Grzegorz Jasinski (RMF FM) / RMF FM
I have doubts as to promote a derivative of marijuana, but I think that the registered drugs should be available in Poland – says Grzegorz Jasiński prof. Piotr Wysocki. Stresses, however, that these are not the only drugs that act in specific clinical situations. As regards the prevention or reduction in the severity of nausea and vomiting or analgesic medicine it has already drugs which act much better. On the other hand, the use of marijuana in the field of palliative care, it is as if out of range span covered by the oncology concerns palliative medicine.
Grzegorz Jasinski: Does your medical practice, you met a patient who, in the treatment of cancer, in some way helped formulas marijuana?
Prof. Piotr Wysocki: First of all, we have to answer the question of what we know about marijuana and where she can help. It does not help in the fight against cancer. It is a drug substance, which has a boosting effect, and we have evidence that could reduce the severity of nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy. He can act to relieve pain in certain specific situations. It helps to reduce tension and anxiety in patients and at the same time can stimulate the appetite, especially in patients during cancer treatment, where the appetite is weak. In contrast, there is no data or literature, or hard data from animal studies that the substance is able to cure cancer or cause it to remission.
Of course, people suffering from cancer will They have the right, if you say that even pain relief, facilitate the transition of therapy, even improving the mood of patients who are in dramatic mental state, will have a meaning. He meets you in its practice of people who want a chance to take advantage of this type of preparations …
Noise media that accompanies now the issue of medical marijuana is not associated with supportive care issues, what’s more, we we have drugs more effective in specific situations to support. In contrast, patients come and ask about the possibility of the use of this drug as a potential panacea, which refuses to them, because this drug may be according to information obtained, an effective anticancer drug. And it is not.
There are known preparations based on marijuana, which in the US and Europe are already approved or are in an advanced stage of research. I wrote a few names: Marinol, Cesamed, Syndros, Epidiolex, Cannador, Sativex. Some of them have, for example, to alleviate the effects of cancer chemotherapy, some to help patients suffering from multiple sclerosis, some limit the frequency of seizures. Are these substances are for patients in Poland, on medical grounds available?
These substances are at this moment are not available. Patients can and try to bring these substances from other countries. While in Poland it is not possible to purchase them.
Do you think it should change?
In this regard, what are the substances registered, they should be available, but that just and only for such indications, which have proven activity.
We talk on the occasion of the next steps in the Sejm concerning the legalization of so-called medical marijuana. The project group “Kukiz’15″ goes so far that suggests that each patient could for their own use to cultivate cannabis and prepare derivative products? What do you think as a doctor?
In general, we know that smoking marijuana acts weakening nervous tension, stimulate, improve mood. However, there are data that this is a substance which strongly increases the risk of lung cancer than tobacco. From this perspective, it does not seem to be a completely safe substance, which could be widely used. When it comes to practicing and consumed in this form. On the other hand, I think that drugs that are registered and have specific indications, should also be available in our country, but what is most important, they must be free of all the myths that accompany them. That patients who receive the drug or ask for the drug, knew very well what is concrete action and not expect miracles, but the specific support in certain situations in the course of neoplastic disease.
You mentioned this that these drugs are not available from us, as normal prescription. Is the head of the Polish Society of Clinical Oncology think that the environment oncologists should take action in favor of admission, at least those recorded in the world preparations. So that those who think that the only way to alleviate their suffering, have easier access to them. Whether such actions are possible?
On the part of our environment are verified queries sent to us by the ministry. We clearly indicate, what are the specific indications for these drugs, and in which specific indications, these drugs can be used. On the other hand, we must remember that these are not the only drugs that act in specific clinical situations. When it comes to preventing or reducing the severity of nausea and vomiting, we now have a lot more effective drugs than marijuana derivatives. As regards the analgesic activity, we have a whole class of drugs that work much better and much easier to use than marijuana derivatives. It is not that this drug suddenly be the solution to many problems. It will be an additional element of our first aid kit, which we can use, but it is not indispensable.
How about this take patients, but who ask about preparations based on marijuana? Because naczytali on the internet that actually can “tighten up and get better.”
Indeed, this situation is a surprise and a little disappointment. It seemed that it was inexplicably hidden substance that could cure them or prolong survival. They require clarification. Always manages to explain. When you understand, they are changing their approach and there is no such pressure. They know that this is something that is in addition to the entire treatment process, not something that will change their prognosis. Do you met with patients who after all, declared that in one way or another gain these preparations, whether in the Czech Republic, or on the internet? Been taking them, despite the fact that as a doctor you they are discouraged, there are further treatment, but it is known that they are trying to resort to another method …
It’s not like I’m talking to this I never have used, because there are obviously some situations in which this drug can act supportively. However, there is a group of patients who try everything. These are people who absolutely exhausted all the possibilities for cancer treatment. It remains really palliative care. These patients get, whether they are already covered hospice care. These are the people who are trying different strategies alternative and also trying marijuana.
It’s me I will come back to the earlier question, or just for those patients environment oncologists could take some action that medicines registered, which action has been confirmed in clinical trials, were available? By bureaucratic barriers have been broken …
In general, the scope of marijuana in the care of hospice, palliative medicine, it is as if the scope of the already nieobejmowanym for oncology, only palliative medicine. We can działaś supportive, but in this respect the leading role played by national consultant in the field of palliative medicine and scientific societies palliative medicine. We as oncologists, we support their initiative, but this is not strictly part of medical oncology, is also a palliative medicine.
And if such efforts have emerged, the professor believes that such support also would there? Because I see, however, a gap in your statements. Does that mean, however, looking at the situation globally, is the professor doubts whether such actions to promote such measures, approved in other countries, would be effective?
Of course, I doubt to promote these measures. Quite another matter is the question of accessibility, and another issue – the promotion. As for availability, I believe that this drug as a substance registered, should be available. As for promotion I have objections. Environment oncologists, national consultant in the field of clinical oncology, Polish Society of Clinical Oncology and other cancer scientific societies are able to work and support the initiative of the Polish Society of Palliative Medicine, the national consultant in palliative medicine, which has already been repeatedly declared in letters to the ministry .
Marijuana does not help in the fight against cancer – emphasizes in an interview with RMF FM prof. Piotr Wysocki, head of the Polish Society of Clinical Oncology. In his opinion, drugs, marijuana derivatives, which are registered and have a specific action support, should be available in our country, but they must be free of all the myths that accompany them. The idea is that patients knew what their action and do not expect miracles.
Prof. Piotr Wysocki / Grzegorz Jasinski (RMF FM) / RMF FM
I have doubts as to promote a derivative of marijuana, but I think that the registered drugs should be available in Poland – says Grzegorz Jasiński prof. Piotr Wysocki. Stresses, however, that these are not the only drugs that act in specific clinical situations. As regards the prevention or reduction in the severity of nausea and vomiting or analgesic medicine it has already drugs which act much better. On the other hand, the use of marijuana in the field of palliative care, it is as if out of range span covered by the oncology concerns palliative medicine.
Grzegorz Jasinski: Does your medical practice, you met a patient who, in the treatment of cancer, in some way helped formulas marijuana?
Prof. Piotr Wysocki: First of all, we have to answer the question of what we know about marijuana and where she can help. It does not help in the fight against cancer. It is a drug substance, which has a boosting effect, and we have evidence that could reduce the severity of nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy. He can act to relieve pain in certain specific situations. It helps to reduce tension and anxiety in patients and at the same time can stimulate the appetite, especially in patients during cancer treatment, where the appetite is weak. In contrast, there is no data or literature, or hard data from animal studies that the substance is able to cure cancer or cause it to remission.
Of course, people suffering from cancer will They have the right, if you say that even pain relief, facilitate the transition of therapy, even improving the mood of patients who are in dramatic mental state, will have a meaning. He meets you in its practice of people who want a chance to take advantage of this type of preparations …
Noise media that accompanies now the issue of medical marijuana is not associated with supportive care issues, what’s more, we we have drugs more effective in specific situations to support. In contrast, patients come and ask about the possibility of the use of this drug as a potential panacea, which refuses to them, because this drug may be according to information obtained, an effective anticancer drug. And it is not.
There are known preparations based on marijuana, which in the US and Europe are already approved or are in an advanced stage of research. I wrote a few names: Marinol, Cesamed, Syndros, Epidiolex, Cannador, Sativex. Some of them have, for example, to alleviate the effects of cancer chemotherapy, some to help patients suffering from multiple sclerosis, some limit the frequency of seizures. Are these substances are for patients in Poland, on medical grounds available?
These substances are at this moment are not available. Patients can and try to bring these substances from other countries. While in Poland it is not possible to purchase them.
Do you think it should change?
In this regard, what are the substances registered, they should be available, but that just and only for such indications, which have proven activity.
We talk on the occasion of the next steps in the Sejm concerning the legalization of so-called medical marijuana. The project group “Kukiz’15″ goes so far that suggests that each patient could for their own use to cultivate cannabis and prepare derivative products? What do you think as a doctor?
In general, we know that smoking marijuana acts weakening nervous tension, stimulate, improve mood. However, there are data that this is a substance which strongly increases the risk of lung cancer than tobacco. From this perspective, it does not seem to be a completely safe substance, which could be widely used. When it comes to practicing and consumed in this form. On the other hand, I think that drugs that are registered and have specific indications, should also be available in our country, but what is most important, they must be free of all the myths that accompany them. That patients who receive the drug or ask for the drug, knew very well what is concrete action and not expect miracles, but the specific support in certain situations in the course of neoplastic disease.
You mentioned this that these drugs are not available from us, as normal prescription. Is the head of the Polish Society of Clinical Oncology think that the environment oncologists should take action in favor of admission, at least those recorded in the world preparations. So that those who think that the only way to alleviate their suffering, have easier access to them. Whether such actions are possible?
On the part of our environment are verified queries sent to us by the ministry. We clearly indicate, what are the specific indications for these drugs, and in which specific indications, these drugs can be used. On the other hand, we must remember that these are not the only drugs that act in specific clinical situations. When it comes to preventing or reducing the severity of nausea and vomiting, we now have a lot more effective drugs than marijuana derivatives. As regards the analgesic activity, we have a whole class of drugs that work much better and much easier to use than marijuana derivatives. It is not that this drug suddenly be the solution to many problems. It will be an additional element of our first aid kit, which we can use, but it is not indispensable.
How about this take patients, but who ask about preparations based on marijuana? Because naczytali on the internet that actually can “tighten up and get better.”
Indeed, this situation is a surprise and a little disappointment. It seemed that it was inexplicably hidden substance that could cure them or prolong survival. They require clarification. Always manages to explain. When you understand, they are changing their approach and there is no such pressure. They know that this is something that is in addition to the entire treatment process, not something that will change their prognosis. Do you met with patients who after all, declared that in one way or another gain these preparations, whether in the Czech Republic, or on the internet? Been taking them, despite the fact that as a doctor you they are discouraged, there are further treatment, but it is known that they are trying to resort to another method …
It’s not like I’m talking to this I never have used, because there are obviously some situations in which this drug can act supportively. However, there is a group of patients who try everything. These are people who absolutely exhausted all the possibilities for cancer treatment. It remains really palliative care. These patients get, whether they are already covered hospice care. These are the people who are trying different strategies alternative and also trying marijuana.
It’s me I will come back to the earlier question, or just for those patients environment oncologists could take some action that medicines registered, which action has been confirmed in clinical trials, were available? By bureaucratic barriers have been broken …
In general, the scope of marijuana in the care of hospice, palliative medicine, it is as if the scope of the already nieobejmowanym for oncology, only palliative medicine. We can działaś supportive, but in this respect the leading role played by national consultant in the field of palliative medicine and scientific societies palliative medicine. We as oncologists, we support their initiative, but this is not strictly part of medical oncology, is also a palliative medicine.
And if such efforts have emerged, the professor believes that such support also would there? Because I see, however, a gap in your statements. Does that mean, however, looking at the situation globally, is the professor doubts whether such actions to promote such measures, approved in other countries, would be effective?
Of course, I doubt to promote these measures. Quite another matter is the question of accessibility, and another issue – the promotion. As for availability, I believe that this drug as a substance registered, should be available. As for promotion I have objections. Environment oncologists, national consultant in the field of clinical oncology, Polish Society of Clinical Oncology and other cancer scientific societies are able to work and support the initiative of the Polish Society of Palliative Medicine, the national consultant in palliative medicine, which has already been repeatedly declared in letters to the ministry .
Intel presents the seventh generation of Intel Core. Designed in 14 nanometer process technology systems offer higher efficiency and productivity compared to processors of previous generations and even greater multimedia capabilities.
Image
Intel has prepared a new generation of processors / press materials
Intel Core seventh generation provide up to 12 percent higher productivity and up to 19 percent faster performance when browsing the Internet with respect to systems of the previous generation. Even more pronounced leap in performance can be seen by comparing the devices based on the latest systems with their counterparts a few years ago. Compared to a 5 year old computer, laptop processor seventh generation will be more than 70 percent. faster and more efficient. These improvements will allow users to have a smoother and more efficient playback and edit movies in 4K UHD, videos, 360 °, and photos, and play the latest titles.
The new Intel Core seventh generation based on the architecture Skylake and were Pictures of the 14 nanometer process. Implemented Intel Turbo Boost 2.0 provides dynamic management of cores and graphics – increasing productivity when necessary, and saving energy, whenever possible. Both series processors Y and U supports two cores and four threads, Intel Hyper-Threading technology (Intel HT Technology), making 2in1 computers and laptops achieve a unique balance between mobility and performance.
Intel Core seventh generation with integrated graphics Intel HD Graphics provide the highest performance, required users to enjoy the amazing experience of viewing, creating and editing multimedia and during play. Quick and easy photo editing and a range of functionality related to video materials, such as multi-streaming, film processing technology of 360 degrees and a high quality video chat, are only part of the extensive opportunities that will offer the device with Intel Core seventh generation. Thanks to the use of energy-saving standards and decompression of video VP9 HEVC 10-bit and hardware acceleration, both view, and how to create content in 4K UHD will be much faster.
The Intel Core seventh generation will build new devices with intuitive controls voice, stylus and touch interfaces. Intel Context Sensing SDK and Integrated Sensor Solution is a solution that enables software vendors to develop entirely new applications that use motion sensors.
The new processors will be available in a wide range of devices with features such as support for Thunderbolt connector 3 audio systems with low energy consumption or face recognition technology Windows Hello. A single Thunderbolt cable 3 allows free data transfer speeds up to 40 Gbps, dual-display 4K 60 Hz, connect an external graphics and loading equipment with voltage up to 100 W. Both series Intel Core seventh-generation (Y and U) also support PCIe 3 gen, supporting higher data transfer rate of 8 GT / s, compared to the 5 GT / s performance with PCIe gen 2. the latest technology Intel Rapid Storage supports drives NVMe x4 PCIe SSD.
Devices based on Intel Core seventh generation will be equipped with a smaller, but more efficient batteries. Dedicated solution for hardware acceleration Intel Turbo Boost reduces power consumption, allowing you to 3 times longer working even when watching movies in 4K. With the new, seventh-generation Intel Core processors, computers 2in1 and laptops will be able to offer increased productivity in an even slimmer and more mobile enclosures.
Last year, thanks to the mobile system Exynos 7420 Samsung gained a reputation as a leader in terms of performance smartfonowych processors, but the Korean manufacturer does not intend to focus only on high-end segment, and it boasted a new system called Exynos 7570 Quad , which is aimed at the budget segment.
This is designed for devices with low-end features 4 cores Cortex-A53 (Samsung has not revealed yet GPU) and support for screens with a resolution of up to 720p. But what is worth noting is the first SoC budget class, which was created based on the 14 nm FinFET process technology. This means that it uses 30% less energy and provides 70% more power over the predecessor, or so provided by the manufacturer.
The chipset also supports rear cameras with a resolution of 13 MP and 8 MP front for video recording and 1080p. As for connectivity, it did not lack support LTE Cat. 4, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, GPS, and even FM radio.
As mentioned Exynos 7570 Quad hit has the cheapest smartphones, while the average shelf supplies Exynos 7870 Octa, or 14 nm layout with 8 A53 cores, support for higher resolution and faster LTE.
Archos 55 Diamond Selfies is equipped with Android 6.0 Marshmallow, 5.5-inch fully laminated Full HD IPS display with reinforced glass Dragontrail, octa Qualcomm MSM8937 processor, 4 GB of RAM and 64 GB of internal memory which can be expanded 128 GB with microSD card.
the smartphone also offers connectivity 4G / LTE, dual cameras (16 megapixel with autofocus and LED flash on the back, 8 megapixel on the front with an additional screen flash), metal and scratch resistant back, where he found a fingerprint sensor, gyroscope, and a battery with a capacity of 3000 mAh (is sufficient for a full day of work) technology Qualcomm Quick charge shortening recharge time.
In addition, the device uses Qualcomm technology dedicated to photography: ChromaFlash (are captured two photos – one with flash and one without, its use, and the final image will connect brightness of a lamp with an accuracy of color photos without flash, providing a single, balanced approach), OptiZoom (tracks and automatically enlarges the subject, even if it is in motion, providing sharper images) and UbiFocus (when AF is off, the camera takes five pictures focused at different points; they are then processed and combined into a single image that can be selectively sharpen on any plan).
Archos 55 Diamond Selfies will be available in Poland since September. for the price of 1 149 zł.
In October this year. you get the Lite version smartphone with 3 GB of RAM and 16 GB of internal memory, priced at 949 zł.
To sell in our market came just a smartphone UMI MAX , which represents the top shelf devices Chinese manufacturer and boast can use components from companies such as Panasonic, Sharp, Sony and Samsung.
The phone is equipped with a 5.5-inch IPS display Full HD Sharp protected by Gorilla Glass third-generation cell with a capacity of 4000 mAh supplied by Sony, 3 GB of RAM from Samsung, MediaTek octa-processor Helio P10 the graphics chip Mali-T860 system, Hi-Fi audio AW8738 and matrix cameras 13 and 5 MP prepared by Panasonic. There were also a fingerprint reader Microarray second generation (unlocked in 0.1 seconds), the smartphone memory can store up to 5 different fingerprints.
Available to users are offered 16 GB memory which can be expanded via microSD cards of up to 256 GB, and the UMI MAX runs on Android 6.0 Marshmallow.
According to the manufacturer fully charged USB-C battery with a capacity of 4000 mAh will provide 14 hours of continuous use of GPS navigation, 32 hours listening to music from the speaker (60 headphones) or 264 hours of standby in the standby mode.
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Also, the Irish government denied justifying this decision thesis that gave Apple the tax advantages against the Union rules on state aid.
on the other hand, the White House warned the European Union against the “unilateral approach, which threatens wrought by us, together with the Europeans progress towards a just international tax system.”
“When I tell the righteous + +, I mean taxpayers, but also companies that try to do business around the world” – said White House spokesman Josh Earnest. He stressed the determination of the US in the fight for the interests of American taxpayers and businesses.
“Złożymy appeal and we are convinced that Decision will be canceled “- said the company. He criticized, however, that the European Commission has set up here over the Irish tax legislation and international tax system. Proceedings Brussels seriously hurt investment and job creation in Europe – warned Apple.
In the opinion of the European Commission, the Irish authorities Apple must enforce the return of the value received in the years 2003-2014 tax credits with interest. “The Commission has come in the course of its analysis to conclude that Ireland provided Apple unacceptable tax advantages, so Apple for many years have to pay taxes much lower than other businesses,” – said on Tuesday in Brussels, the European Commissioner for competition Margrethe Vestager.
According to the EC, adopted in Ireland made solutions, the effective rate paid by the company owned by a commercial company Apple Sales International tax profit decreased from 1 percent. in 2003 to 0.005 per cent. in 2014. The company is in Europe, Africa, the Middle East and India, the official dealer imported from Asia Apple products.
“As part of the agreed (with the Irish authorities), methods for the majority of the revenue was internally assigned within the Apple Sales International + HQ + outside of Ireland. That + headquarters + was not located in any country, had no employees or offices. Its activities consisted only occasional meetings of the board. only a small part of the revenue of the company was assigned the Irish branch and subject to tax in Ireland. the remaining bulk of the revenue was attributed + HQ + and remained tax-free “- indicates the EC Communication.
adds that the same system was also used in the case of Apple Operations Europe, responsible for the production of some lines of computers.
through established in 1980 Irish subsidiaries Apple realizes a significant part of its international commercial activities. These companies contribute to the costs of research and development, receiving in return intellectual property rights and share in the profits.
the Irish government denied posed to him by the EC allegations, pointing out that” Ireland has not granted any privileges Apple tax. ” The company paid all applicable taxes and has not received any illegal aid.
The government will examine in detail the Commission’s decisions today, to prepare its legal challenge. “It is not appropriate that the EU rules on state aid have been applied in such a way unparalleled,” – says the government’s message, emphasizing that tax issues are a matter for individual Member States.
According to the EC Ireland must now recover from the Apple unpaid taxes for the period of 2003-2014 the total amount to 13 billion euros plus interest. Group cash reserves currently amount to about 230 billion dollars – of which more than 90 percent. It is held outside the US, in large part as in Ireland. EC Decision not had on investors much of an impression, the share price of Apple fell SIA traded pozaparkietowym only 1.8 percent.
KE investigation is directed only against Ireland, but any payment will be enforced from Apple. As noted Vestager, the governments of other EU member states will be allowed after analyzing the decision to apply to the company to pay taxes, if they consider them to be due. Per Ireland then the amount would have been reduced.
Such a hypothesis proclaimed researchers from the University of Texas. They have done studies of bone Lucy computed tomography. The resulting images tomography compared with the results of our contemporaries, who also happens that fall. They found a striking resemblance.
Research tomography were performed in 2007, when the skeleton of Lucy (owned by the National Museum of Ethiopia) toured the USA. But for many years, scientists have not drawn any conclusions from them. Only in December 2015, Dr. John Kappelman noticed mysterious broken right arm Lucy. He said that such an injury could occur only as a result of a fall from a great height. Agreed with him, Dr. Stephen Pearce – orthopedic Bone and Joint Clinic in Austin. Other orthopedic doctors confirmed the diagnosis.
Encouraged by the support of doctors, Dr. Kappelman went to Ethiopia and there looked Lucy skeleton. He found a few more fractures, typical for falls. Tempted to even recreate the trajectory of prehistoric man and the course of his hard landing. He is convinced that Lucy dropped his feet to the bottom, leaning slightly forward. When she reached the ground, he collapsed in front of him straightening his hands in a defensive gesture.
Teksascy researchers estimate that Lucy fell from a height of approx. 12 meters. Other experts point out that it does not have to be so high. You can be killed falling from a lower height.
Lucy lived 3.2 million years ago. She was about. Meters tall. Species, which belonged scientists named Australopithecus afarensis. That fell from the tree may mean that the species spent much time among the branches.
However, there are those specialists whose theory of the tree is not convincing at all. Among them is Dr. Donald C. Johanson, the discoverer of the skeleton itself. He believes that the damage to the bones of Lucy created after her death. He says that similar damage occur on the skeletons of rhinos and elephants – and in the case of these animals fall from the tree is very unlikely.
Author: Prof. Rory Barnes, University of Washington
The discovery of Proxima b is the biggest event egzoplanetarne since the discovery of exoplanets. Proxima b is slightly larger than Earth and is located in the ecosphere nearest stellar neighbor sun. The planet may be the best opportunity for humanity to search for life among the stars. Are Proxima b created, but life? Is it live? The answer to these questions is not currently possible, because we know very little about the planet. However, we can extrapolate the data from the worlds of our solar system and apply the theoretical models of the evolution of galactic, stellar and planetary to create realistic scenarios history Proxima b. The possibilities are varied and depend on the phenomena usually studied by scientists working in areas considered to be separate but integrated perspective – perspective astrobiologiczna – can provide a realistic assessment of the possibility of the emergence and survival of life on the nearest we ezgoplanecie.
As an astrobiologist and astronomer at the University of Washington and a member of NASA’s Virtual Plenatary Lab years researching the possibility of life on planets orbiting red dwarfs. My research include the development of computer models to simulate the evolution of the planets and their atmospheres, and how over time change the stars and how they differ from each other planetary orbits. The discovery of Proxima b is very exciting for me, but that is about the size of Earth and is located in the ecosphere is only the first two conditions necessary to ensure that the planet could support life, and the list is much longer for planets orbiting red dwarfs, than stars like our sun. If Proxima b really is in the ecosphere, which is the liquid water, and perhaps it is settled, it had to go a completely different evolutionary path than Earth. This difference is frustrating because the first interpretations will be a challenge for us, and at the same time fascinating, because it gives the opportunity to see how they evolve in the universe of Earth-sized planets. Regardless of whether Proxima b is a barren wasteland, or life on it blooms, we begin just unprecedented phase of discovery, which may provide the answer to the long-asked question: Are we alone?
To assess the possibility of life on Proxima b we have to start from the only inhabited planet as we know it is from Earth. Life on Earth is present in an extremely wide variety of environments, such as in thermal springs, and in most ocean depths, at microscopic tubules in sea ice, or in the deepest levels of the earth’s crust. No matter how extreme the environment, the whole life on Earth requires three basic components: energy, nutrients and water in a liquid state. The first two components are present in the universe very well as water molecule. A limiting factor in terms of astrophysics is that the water must be in liquid form. Ekosfera is a map of the area where water could exist on the surface of the rocky, Earth-like planets, hence its status as the first condition that a planet must meet to ensure that there life on it. Life also needs enough time for this to occur and evolve, and on Earth it is resistant to disasters as trivial or as traumatic as a storm. Diversity and persistence of life formed on Earth, astrobiologists are encouraged to imagine that life could exist not only egzoplanatach similar to Earth, but also in strange, exotic worlds.
So what are we to make of Proxima b? It is at least as massive as Earth, and may be several times more massive. Its “year” lasts a little over 11 days, and its orbit may be circular or significantly delayed. Its native star has only 12% of the mass of the Sun, 0.1% of its brightness, and we know about it, it shines. It may be linked gravitationally with the stars Alpha Centauri A and B, which are within the 15-000 astronomical units. All three contain far more heavy elements than the Sun, however, we know very little about the composition of Proxima b, or about how it came. The new data indicate the presence of another planet in this system, which flow around the star takes nearly 200 days, but its existence can not be confirmed yet. These facts we know and based on them we must deduce whether Proxima b life.
Proxima b was discovered by measuring angular velocity, which do not involve direct calculations of its mass, and only provide information on the minimum weight . So the first question that we want to answer is: Is the mass of the planet is small enough to be a rocky planet like Earth? If the planet is much bigger, it may be more like Neptune with a thick gas layer. We do not know where is the dividing line between the rocky exoplanets and gas, but the models of planet formation and analysis of the planets discovered by the Kepler mission suggests that the dividing line is between the 5 and 10 times the mass of Earth. Only about 5% of possible orbits Proxima b puts it over 5 masses of the Earth, so it is very likely that the planet belongs to the rock.
Another question we must ask ourselves is whether the planet was formed together with water. Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen, the first and the third element of the most popular in our galaxy, so we should expect it everywhere. However, in a small distance from the star, which is where there is Proxima b, water is heated to a gaseous state during the formation of the planet, so it is difficult for the water to stop. The planets formed at greater distances can collect more water, so if Proxima b formed farther from the star, and later moved to its current orbit, there is a higher probability that is rich in water. At the moment we do not know how the planet was formed, but it can seem to be three scenarios: 1) the planet was formed where it now is, mainly from the local material; 2) The planet formed farther from the star, when the disk of gas and dust from which a planetary system still existed, and the forces of the drive led the planet to its current orbit; or 3) the planet was created in a different place, but kind of instability covering the whole system poprzesuwała planet, and b Proxima was on its present orbit. The first scenario is the one by which created the Earth and Venus, so Proxima b may, but need not have significant water resources, if established in this way. The result of the second scenario are the planet rich in water, because there is a greater likelihood that water will be able to found frozen in a huge distance from the star, so the resulting planet could easily be picked up. The third scenario is not conclusive, because the planet could move from the inner orbit, where established without water, or was farther from the star, and has water, but we can not be sure.
Now, let’s guidance coming from the stars . Computer models of the evolution of our galaxy suggest that stars enriched with heavy elements, such as Proxima which can not occur locally (25 000 light-years from the galactic center), because there is a sufficiently large number of available heavy particles. However, closer to the center of the galaxy, where star formation is more vigorous and lasts a long time, the formation of stars, such as Proxima possible. A recent study by Dr. Sarah Loebman and his team showed that a star located in our galactic neighborhood of the composition such as Proxima, have created at least of 10 000 light-years closer to the galactic center. Apparently, Proxima Centauri wandered the galaxy, and its history could play an important role in the evolution of Proxima b.
Computer models of the evolution of the Milky Way suggests that the Proxima Centauri moved up of 10 000 light-years from where formed in the direction of Way outside Mlacznej. The place of its creation marked an orange circle. Sun and Earth probably formed close to the place of your current location (blue circle), which is here, where there is also Proxima Centauri.
The orbit of Proxima orbiting Alpha Centauri A and B, assuming that are linked together by gravity, it is large compared to other multiple systems. Moreover, it is so large that the impact of the stars A and B on the Proxima is weak, but it is the interaction of the Milky Way largely shaped orbit the star. The whole mass of the Milky Way means that the orbit of Proxima constantly changing both the shape and orientation. Proxima is also susceptible to gravitational encounters with the shifting nearby stars, which may affect its orbit. Simulations made recently by prof. Nate Kaiba showed that these two effects often lead to close encounters of stars with multiple systems that interfere with their planetary systems. Disorders are often so strong that it can cause the ejection of planets from the system and completely change the orbits of the other planets. New simulations, conducted by Russell Deitrick show that this scenario raises serious concerns also for Proxima; there is a high probability that in the past Proxima flew so close to Alpha Centauri A and B, that the planetary system fell apart, throwing siblings Proxima b space. If the disturbance occurred, Proxima b could not arise where we see it today, because its orbit would it hurt.
Even if Proxima is not currently associated with Alpha Centauri A and B, it seems that They move with them and it is very likely that these stars formed from the same disk of gas and dust. If you created together, they should have a similar composition and be almost the same age. The reference to the age of Alpha Centauri A and B is so important that it is difficult to tell the age of low-mass stars, such as Proxima Centauri. Astronomers can estimate the age of Alpha Centauri A through astrosejsmologii, the doctrine of “earthquakes stars.” The stars bigger than the sun pulsate with a large enough frequency that can be observed brightness variations, and their detailed monitoring can reveal the age of the star. Research conducted recently by Dr. Michael Bazota proved that Alpha Centauri A is between 3.5 and 6 billion years. This broader scope than we would like, but Proxima is certainly enough age that could host life, and Proxima b can even be the same age as the Earth!
Now look at the guidance supplied by the solar system Proxima Centauri. The vast majority of the energy needed for life on Earth comes from our sun, and small stars, such as Proxima, can produce energy even for billions of years. Their size is almost the minimum size of the star, so that Proxima b able to receive as much solar energy as Earth, must be about 25 times closer to its star than the Earth is the sun. This distance is Ekosfera. Proxima is much darker than the sun, but it remains a series of thermonuclear reactions, so, if all other factors remain the same, the existence of life seems to be more likely in larger distances from the star. Close orbits create many obstacles, which did not have to overcome life on Earth. These include a long period of formation of the star, the short and energy stings energy in the form of UV radiation and X-strong magnetic field, the larger spots star, more coronal mass ejections or tidal forces resulting from gravity, which causes the properties of rotational change, and the oceans (if any), and the rocks are subject to warming by friction.
the history of the evolution of the brightness of Proxima was slow and complicated. All models of stellar evolution predict that the first billion years of Proxima slowly losing its brightness until the state in which there is today, which implies that for about the first quarter of a billion years the surface of Proxima b was too hot to achieve conditions similar to Earth . As recently showed Rodrigo Luger, if our present Earth found itself in such a situation, he would become the world like Venus, with raging greenhouse effect that could destroy the entire planet located on the water. Such drying is possible because the molecular bonds between hydrogen and oxygen in water can be destroyed in the upper part of the atmosphere by radiation coming from the star, and the hydrogen, being the lightest element, can escape gravity of the planet. Without hydrogen water can not exist, and the planet unsuitable for life. Escape or avoid the uncontrollable global warming was the biggest challenge in the chance Proxima b for the creation of life.
Ekosfera Proxima Centauri moved closer to the star, since it was established, which may mean that Proxima b lost water shortly after its establishment, when the system was 1-10 million years. Ekosfera, highlighted in blue, did not reach orbit Proxima b up to nearly 200 million years after the system was created. This initial brightness can be the biggest obstacle to the point of attachment to life on Proxima b.
When a star loses its brightness, the process of destruction of water molecules is stopped, so it is dry completely avoidable. If some water is, the atmosphere may also contain high amounts of oxygen remaining after destruction of steam. Large amounts of water and oxygen may seem like a good recipe for life, but almost certainly it is not. Oxygen is one of the most reactive elements, and its presence in the atmosphere of a young Proxima b may be prebiotic would stop the development of particles that create the conditions require a small amount of oxygen. Life on Earth was created when oxygen was absent, photosynthesis and ultimately created a large enough amount thereof to become an important component of our atmosphere. Note that the destruction of only a certain amount of water leads to a rather surprising possibility that the planet could have oceans and atmosphere rich in oxygen, but not been able to sustain life!
Another intriguing possibility is that Proxima b began as a a planet like Neptune, but the initial brightness of the star and its flares destroyed the atmosphere rich in hydrogen, to discover hospitable to life Proxima located below. Such a world studied Rodrigo Luger, I and other scientists and we agreed that this is the real way to avoid dry completely. First of all, the atmosphere of hydrogen protects the water. If you created Proxima b 0.1-1% by weight would be a shell of hydrogen, the planet would lose hydrogen, but not water, potentially becoming open to the world of life, when her star has reached its current brightness.
The wide range of possible paths evolutionary poses daunting challenges for the future terrestrial and space telescopes that will search for life in the atmosphere of Proxima b. Fortunately, my colleagues in the Virtual Planetary Lab, prof. Victoria Meadows, Giada Arney and Edward Schwieterman working on techniques to distinguish the possible states of the atmosphere Proxima b, do not worry for now the existence of a life on it, or not. Almost all the elements of the atmosphere are visible in the spectrum, so our knowledge of the possible histories of the planet, we can start to create instruments and plan observations that indicate important differences. For example, when a sufficiently high pressure oxygen molecules may momentarily bind to each other and create an observable property of the spectrum. Most importantly, the pressure required by the observer, so that it can be detected is large enough to allow distinction between the planet with too much oxygen and the amount of the corresponding life. To learn more about the planet and the system, we can create a library including possible spectra by means of which quantitatively we will be able to determine how likely is the existence of life on Proxima b.
The initial brightness of the star around which orbits the planet, it is the biggest obstacle for life, but other issues are also important. One of the obstacles that were initially thought to be to prevent life on planets orbiting red dwarfs was the possibility of synchronous rotation, meaning that one of the hemispheres throughout the life cycle facing the star. This happens with our Moon, the same tidal forces are raising the oceans made the Moon shows only one half of your Earth. Due to the fact that Proxima b orbits so close to its star, it may be in this situation, and it depends on the shape of its orbit. For decades, astronomers believed that the planet in synchronous rotation would be deprived of life, because they thought that the atmosphere above the eternally dark hemisphere freezes and falls to the surface. Currently, this is considered very possible, because the winds in the atmosphere transmit energy on the planet and support on the side of the dark heat sufficient to ensure that the atmosphere is not freezing. So if it comes to the stability of atmospheric rotation synchronous is not an obstacle for the existence of life on the planet.
Although the rotation synchronous is not very dangerous for life, it is possible that tidal forces provide large amounts of energy into the atmosphere and the Earth’s interior . This energy is often called the “tidal heating” and results from the deformation of the planet due to changes in the gravitational force of the star, which acts on the planet across its diameter. For example, if the planet has an elliptical orbit, being closer to the star feels more gravity than when it is away from it. This difference will cause the shape of the planet change, and such deformation can cause friction between the inner layers of the planet, producing heat. In extreme cases, tidal heating may initiate unrestrained greenhouse effect like the one that dried up Venus, regardless of the light from the star. It is unlikely that Proxima b was in this state, but the tidal heating may still be there very strong, resulting in a continuous volcanic eruptions, such as Jupiter’s moon, Io, and / or raising huge ocean waves. Based on the information we have, we are not able to determine the size of the heating tide, but we must be aware of it and explore its implications.
A brief, high-energy bursts of Proxima Centauri, called flares are considered to be the impediment to the emergence of life on the surface a planet orbiting a red dwarf. Flares and eruptions of small areas on the surface of the stars can cause short (a few hours or a few days) increase in brightness. The problem is that the bursts emit gusts of positively charged protons, and as shown by prof. Antigona Segura and his team, they reduce the ozone layer, which can protect life from harmful, high-energy UV radiation. Flares on Proxima occur much more frequently than the Sun, and because Proxima b is much closer to its star than the Earth is likely to be subjected to repeated bombing. If the atmosphere could develop a solid shield that protects against these eruptions, such as the strong magnetic field, then the flares could not have life meaning. The same would be the case if there were a few meters force under water. Then flares should not be fatal to life on Proxima b.
Worried about flares naturally leads to the question of whether the planet ever has to protect her magnetic field like Earth. Over the years, many scientists thought that the emergence of such magnetic fields is not possible for planets similar to Proxima b, because the rotation is synchronous to impossible. It was believed that the magnetic field is generated by the electric current running in the core of the planet, and the movement of charged particles required to produce this current is caused by the rotation of the planet. Slowly rotating planet may not be able to transport charged particles fast enough to generate a magnetic field that can push flares and make the planet’s ecosphere red dwarfs will be able to maintain the atmosphere. However, more recent studies show that magnetic fields of the planets are not really maintained by convection, that is, the process by which hot material inside the kernel rises, cools and sinks again. The rotational movement helps, but Dr. Peter Driscoll and I recently calculated that convection is quite sufficient to maintain a strong magnetic field on the planet with the rotation synchronous and tidal heating for billions of years. It is therefore entirely possible that Proxima b has a strong magnetic field and can fend off flares.
Is Proxima b and therefore able to sustain life? The short answer is: “It’s complicated.” We have not made many observations, but what we know allows for a staggering number of possibilities. Do Proxima b traveled half the galaxy? It does survived instability covering the whole planetary system, which threw her siblings into space and changed its orbit? How he coped with the initial high brightness of its star? What is it made? Do began as a planet like Neptune, and then conformed to the Earth? We are constantly bombarded with the flares and coronal mass ejections? It is tidally heated to a state resembling (or worse than) the condition of Io? These are important questions that must be answered to determine the potential ability of Proxima b to sustain life and determine whether our nearest galactic neighbor is a forbidding wasteland inhabited planet or a future home for mankind.
The last question is not so rhetorical as it might seem. As life needs an energy source, it is possible, in the long run – and I mean dłuuugą run – to planets such as Proxima b become ideal places to live. Our sun will burn as little as 4 billion years, and Proxima Centauri will there be for the next four trillion years. Moreover, if the “planet c” are slightly affect the orbit b, tidal heating would provide an infinitely modest amount of energy to the interior of b, providing energy to maintain a stable atmosphere. If humanity is to survive longer than the sun, we have to leave the solar system and travel to other stars. If Proxima b is able to sustain life, can be the perfect place to move. Perhaps it is discovered future home for mankind! But to know this for sure, we have to do a lot more observation, carry a lot more computer simulations and, with luck, to send a probe to perform the first direct exoplanet reconnaissance. Life support or not, Proxima b offers new insights on how planets and life fit into our universe.
Thanks for Victoria Meadows, Edward Schwietermana, Giada Arney and Peter Kelley.
Editor’s Note. this article is based on popularizing scientific report “The habitability of Proxima b I: Evolutionary scenarios,” http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/ 2016arXiv160806919B, which was submitted to the Journal Astrobiology 25 August. Rating presumed location Proxima b in the ecosphere is crucial to interpreting the meaning of detection Proxima b, the design of future observations, and even to give the new shapes instruments and space missions. At the time of the discovery announcement, the band Pale Red Dot made contact with two groups of experts to rate them these early assumptions about the location of Proxima b in the ecosphere. Professor Rory Barnes chaired by one of these groups. The results of the second working group (led by I. M. Ribas and Turbat) are summarized here: http://proximacentauri.info and are technically explained in two articles. Further studies are certainly in progress.
About the author. Rory Barnes, a professor of astronomy and astrobiology, the University of Washington in Seattle. Doctorate in astronomy from the University of Washington in 2004. After working as a postdoctoral the Lunar Planetary Laboratory at the University of Arizona in Tucson he returned to the University of Washington and NASA’s Virtual Planetary Lab in 2009, joining the staff of the University of Warsaw in 2013. Bada exoplanet through computer models. At first dealt with the dynamics of orbits, but expanded his research, which now include the role of the Milky Way, the evolution of stars, the effects of weathering, and thermal and magnetic evolution of the interior terrestrial planets.
This article is part of a social campaign project Pale Red Dot and the original is available on the project website at: http://www.palereddot.org
The translation into Polish: Pulse of the Cosmos / Eve Stokłosa
Also, the Irish government denied justifying this decision thesis that gave Apple the tax advantages against the Union rules on state aid.
“Złożymy appeal and we are confident that the decision will be canceled” – said the company. He criticized, however, that the European Commission has set up here over the Irish tax legislation and international tax system. Proceedings Brussels seriously hurt investment and job creation in Europe – warned Apple.
In the opinion of the European Commission, the Irish authorities have to enforce Apple’s return value received in the years 2003-2014 tax credits with interest. “The Commission has come in the course of its analysis to conclude that Ireland provided Apple unacceptable tax advantages, so Apple for many years have to pay taxes much lower than other businesses,” – said on Tuesday in Brussels, the European Commissioner for competition Margrethe Vestager.
According to the EC, adopted in Ireland made solutions, the effective rate paid by the company owned by a commercial company Apple Sales International tax profit decreased from 1 percent. in 2003 to 0.005 per cent. in 2014. The company is in Europe, Africa, the Middle East and India, the official dealer imported from Asia Apple products.
“As part of the agreed (with the Irish authorities), methods for the majority of the revenue was attributed to internally within Apple Sales International + HQ + outside of Ireland. That + headquarters + was not located in any country, had no employees or offices. Its activities consisted only occasional meetings of the board. only a small part of the revenue of the company was assigned the Irish branch and subject to tax in Ireland. the remaining the bulk of the revenue was attributed + HQ + and remained tax-free “- indicates the EC Communication.
he added that the same system was also used in the case of Apple Operations Europe, responsible for the production of some lines of computers.
through established in 1980 Irish subsidiaries Apple realizes a significant part of its international commercial activities. These companies contribute to the costs of research and development, receiving in return intellectual property rights and share in the profits.
The Irish government denied posed to him by the EC allegations, pointing out that “Ireland has not granted Apple any tax advantages” . The company paid all applicable taxes and has not received any illegal aid.
The government will examine in detail the Commission’s decisions now to prepare its legal challenge. “It is not appropriate that the EU rules on state aid have been applied in such unprecedented way,” – says the government’s message, emphasizing that tax issues are a matter for individual Member States.
According to the EC Ireland must now recover from Apple unpaid taxes for the period of 2003-2014 the total amount to 13 billion euros plus interest. Group cash reserves currently amount to about 230 billion dollars – of which more than 90 percent. It is held outside the US, in large part as in Ireland. EC Decision not had on investors much of an impression, the share price of Apple fell SIA traded pozaparkietowym only 1.8 percent.
The investigation the EC is directed only against Ireland, but any payment will be enforced from Apple. As noted Vestager, the governments of other EU member states will be allowed after analyzing the decision to apply to the company to pay taxes, if they consider them to be due. Per Ireland then the amount would have been reduced. (PAP)
The new model uses the Android operating system 6.0 Marshmallow, also offering solid protection in a stylish case and a 5-inch HD IPS display. Compliant with IP68 standard, the ARCHOS 50 Saphir is resistant to scratches, dust, dropping (to 1 meter), and immersion in water for 30 minutes while allowing you to work at temperatures of -20C ° to 55C °.
the smartphone is equipped with a 4-core Mediatek MT6737 processor clocked at 1.5 GHz, 2 GB RAM and 16 GB of internal memory, expandable to 128 GB with a card microSD.
Model ARCHOS 50 Saphir are equipped with a battery capacity of 5000 mAh and technology Mediatek Pump Express Plus shortens the charging time in half – so says the manufacturer.
the phone has two built-in cameras: 13 MP with autofocus and LED flash on the back and a 5 MP front.
the smartphone also offers such additional functions as:
Google Now – enhanced digital assistant that can answer questions, perform commands in the system and identify useful information to the user;
sleep – greatly limiting battery consumption through automatic activation mode, deep sleep.
ARCHOS 50 Saphir will be presented at the stand ARCHOS at IFA 2016 (hall 25, stand 206). In Poland, will be available from October at a price 949 zł.
common room planned to build a modular system. Building with an area of 180 square meters was placed at ul. Communal in Wróblinie and serve the people of the district as a meeting place. The construction of this place was announced in February.
– The first tender emerged contractor and already basically we were ready, that in a moment, “I dig the shovel,” – says Alexander Zwarycz, Chairperson of the district Wróblin. – Unfortunately, the contractor did not sign the agreement. The next auction, which announced the city emerged the contractor who provided the amount is absolutely disproportionate to the cost estimate and market realities – he added.
Common Module cost was 450 thousand zlotys, but contractor in the last auction gave the amount of one million two hundred thousand. – Common sense tells you not to take these offers seriously, so from our side as the district council was not requests for budget increases – says Zwarycz.
Councillor WRÓBLIN announced that another tender may occur in the fall and at the same time considering the change in the construction of modular system on the traditional. – If that happened, these differences are not great. These are typically technical solutions, but the functionality of the building remained the same – says Alexander Zwarycz. Common was to be the object of sliding partition walls, so as to organize their events and meetings for a large group of residents and lead classes for small groups of people. Then the wall would separate the room into three smaller.
In the neighborhood there is a kindergarten, children’s playground, playing football and gym in the open air. – We lack the common room, because the weather is not always shines – says Alexander Zwarycz.
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