Europe begins a new era in Mars exploration. Probe ExoMars2016, a collaboration between European Space Agency and the Federation odpowiedniczki Roscosmos, przemierzająca since March, the Solar System, split Sunday, November 16, into two parts. On 19 October it is planned to achieve one of them, the boat Schiaparelli, on the surface of the red Planet.
Schiaparelli task is to land safely on the planet’s surface and test a number of technologies that will be needed for the deployment in 2020 of the European all-terrain vehicle (type of space probe that has the ability to move across the surface of the object, which landed), and will be used in manned missions. The unit should perform several additional meteorological measurements, analysis of wind speed, humidity, pressure and temperature on Mars, as well as to obtain the first measurements of the electric field on its surface. These data may help to explain how there are Martian dust storms.
parts of Poland
In the framework of the ExoMars used items located in Poland. On Board the lander Schiaparelli has installed infrared sensors manufactured by Vigo System SA of kraków. These detectors ESA used to create radiometrów in a system designed to monitor the outer shell of the boat.
In the Space Research Centre PAN, Warsaw was designed and built power supply for cameras Cassis. The batteries mounted it on behalf of the Institute of the Polish company Creotech Instruments SA. The camera has to run color photos of the Martian surface in high resolution. With its help, will be photographed rocks included scientists with the contents of trace quantities of gases.
historic Moment
As will be the most important phase of the mission?
Initially, Schiaparelli start wytracać speed using the aerodynamic protective heat. At an altitude of 11 km, at a speed of 1650 km/h programmed to open the parachute, which should reduce speed to 250 km/h. Later, the device rejects the front cover and include a Doppler radar altimeter and a speed meter to determine its position and velocity relative to Mars.
At an altitude of about 1 km, where the deviation of the rear heat shield and parachute are working should be three engines on liquid fuel, to reduce the speed to less than 7 km/h At a height of 2 meters above the surface the motors are disabled and the device will fall to the Martian soil. The drop has a lock from a special structure at the bottom of the lander. The whole procedure from entry to arrival is less than 6 minutes. It happen approximately at 17 o’clock Moscow time.
Not the first time
still on Mars was sent 13 lądowników and skaters from Russia, the Us and the UK. Some of these devices, faced the planet’s surface, or linkage is broken. However, many of them worked properly and transmitting data. Currently, two machines of this type continue to provide information about Mars is the American Opportunity and Curiosity. JPolski
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