-> ,validPeriod= Juno probe will enter orbit around Jupiter on July 4, 2016. (AP / AP) 2 -> The radio signal reported to a successful, hopefully, inhibition reaches NASA after 48 min and 19 sec. Of sending (because so much occupies speeding at the speed of light waves to reach Earth). Then the probe will be 869 million km from Earth, but to fly to Jupiter, Juno ponadtrzykrotnie must travel a long way. Such is the nature of space navigation - just never overcomes in a straight line, because flying to the selected celestial body, less fuel is burned when the orbiting each other, sometimes several times. instruments titanium vault NASA boasts that its probe beat several records. It will be the first that around Jupiter uses to supply electricity with solar panels (with a total area of 60 sq. M, which orbit around the Earth could power 14 kW, but in orbit around Jupiter will barely 500 W). So far, no sun-powered probe Earth yet was heard. Juno was the first to accurately observe Jupiter, circling him strongly elongated polar orbit and going down barely a height of 4.2 thousand. m above the peaks of the majestic clouds. It will therefore have to immerse themselves in the strong radiation around the largest planet in our solar system, which no earthly ship has not done. In all dives so 37 times. To its scientific instruments survived the bombardment of electrons and ions rushing around Jupiter, NASA engineers hid them in a vault made of titanium - is also the first such case in space exploration. Elements of the titanium disc printed - for the first time, and how - to a 3D printer. Americans praise, too, that no probe in the history of space conquest is not entered into orbit around another planet with such a high speed as Juno. In addition to scientific measurements of the probe will perform also the sharpest ever images of Jupiter. Its equipped with a wide-angle lens camera takes photographs in which one pixel will correspond to the square width of barely 25 km. The whole mission, which will last 20 months and will end in February 2018. Spectacular diving Juno in bulk of Jupiter, will cost American taxpayers up to 1.13 billion dollars. Why study the largest planet of our System, when for the same money could be built approx. 113 km of motorways Polish? Rotating Juno The probe has a diameter of 3.5 meters. Its three solar panels have a length of 9 m and a width of 2.65 m. At the start, it weighed 3,625 tons, of which the ship itself, without fuel - 1,593 t. The probe rotates around its own axis, so that stable. During the flight towards Jupiter rotates once per minute (RPM 1). During braking maneuver will rotate at a speed of 5 RPM. During the scientific part of the mission - 2 RPM. Secrets of the gas giant Jupiter, not counting the Sun, He accumulated in his bulk twice more matter than have all other celestial bodies of the solar system - planets, moons, asteroids and comets. It is 11 times the "thicker" and 300 times more massive than the Earth. It is built using mainly of hydrogen and helium, so the material from which was born the Sun and the surrounding system. If he were 80 times more massive than it is, he would be a star. And so it is a gas giant, which together with its four large moons and more than 60 smaller resembles miniukład planetary. Great colorful Jovian cloud whose rotating powerful cyclones peaks can be observed from Earth, are composed mainly of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. Storms are able to tear the clouds for years. The most famous of Jupiter's storms, known as the Great Red Spot, has a diameter of two times longer than the Earth. Astronomers observe it for several hundred years. Recently they noted that the Great Red Spot is reduced. Unfortunately, so far scientists have not been able to look under a thick sheepskin clouds obscuring the largest planet of the Solar System. They do not know so even if it has some solid core (it may be larger than the Earth), and consists entirely of gas. Juno has m.in answer to this question, looking deep into the planet's atmosphere. LEGO and Galileo on board The probe is an unmanned but NASA placed on board three passengers Lego - close czterocentymetrowe figures Galileo (with the telescope!), Jupiter and Juno. The probe carries a commemorative plaque on the aluminum surface of 36 sq cm. And weighing barely 6 g, which supplied the Italian Space Agency. On the plaque engraved self-portrait of Galileo and his notes from observations of Jupiter: On the eleventh he was in this particular formation - a star closest to Jupiter was two times less than the other and was very close to her, while during the previous night, all three observed [I] had a star similar in size and are equally distant from each other; it is already clear that around Jupiter there are three moving stars, which so far no one has seen. " The three" stars "from" previous night "is the moons Io, Europa and Callisto. 11 January 1610 r. Galileo discovered Ganymede. only after some time he realized that he discovered not a star, but the moons of Jupiter, which to have him circle, which provided evidence to support the heliocentric theory of Copernicus. the liquid metal and deadly radiation the full orbit the Sun is Jupiter as many as 12 years, but at the same time it rotates so fast around its own axis that one day take on it only 10 hours. It is so important that the great pressure within the planet's atmosphere (tens of millions of times greater than on the Earth's surface) must squeeze filling the hydrogen to a liquid state. As believe scientists at a depth of about . one third of the radius of Jupiter's hydrogen becomes a liquid and begins to conduct electricity like a metal. In their view, thanks to this fast moving planet produces such enormous magnetic field - almost 20 thousand. times stronger than Earth's. magnetosphere of Jupiter, Juno will investigate which extends even to the 3 million km sunward and up to 1 billion km in the other direction, reaching the orbit of Saturn! It is so powerful that it pulls from the area free electrons and ions that make up the planet dangerous radiation belt and cause the most spectacular auroras in the Solar System. Juno has also help scientists solve the mystery of the solar system formation. According to the theory of our solar system was born approx. 4.5 billion years ago when the nebula of gas and dust collapsed under its own weight, forming the sun. With the remnants of planets were formed, which zarodzia consisted largely of ice and were carriers of carbon. If it turns out that Jupiter has a solid core, this theory is confirmed. And if there is? Perhaps Jupiter was born as the sun, and the nebula of hydrogen and helium, which created our system, collapsed under its own weight in different places? In the end, the god of gods has the right to whims. Juno, as his wife befits should know his true nature. Look at Jupiter It is now well visible in the evening on the western horizon. Look out for large and non-flickering "stars" (turn on the southern horizon exquisitely lit orange Mars). Jupiter will accompany us in the evening sky until August. In September, we hide behind the sun, and in October reappears in the morning sky. If you look at it through a telescope, or even binoculars, then you should see the four largest moons of Jupiter - the so-called. Galilean moons, because in 1610. using the invented two years before the telescope, Galileo discovered them. In turn, the Great Red Spot was first observed by Giovanni Domenico Cassini. Its discovery made in 1667. Subscribe to digital Electoral available through the internet, phone, tablet and e-book reader, from 19.90 per month to assess login or zarejestrujX
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